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Myndheimild: perfectdigital.com<\/em><\/p>\n \u00c9g tel a\u00f0 \u00feetta s\u00fdni mj\u00f6g vel a\u00f0 miklar fr\u00e1vikanir og skortur \u00e1 s\u00fdn geti komi\u00f0 fram \u00ed hugb\u00fana\u00f0ar\u00fer\u00f3un<\/a> verkefni milli allra \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda og f\u00f3lks sem tengist.<\/strong> Vandam\u00e1l koma oft upp fr\u00e1 byrjun, \u00feegar vi\u00f0skiptavinurinn kemur me\u00f0 (kenningalega) endanlega vara<\/a> s\u00fdn og kynnir hana fyrir li\u00f0<\/a>. S\u00ed\u00f0an koma frekari misskilningur, rangt\u00falkun og, a\u00f0 lokum, the verkefni<\/a> Fer flj\u00f3tt \u00e1 villig\u00f6tu \u00ed \u00fer\u00f3un.<\/p>\n \u00deegar \u00e9g greini myndriti\u00f0 h\u00e9r a\u00f0 ofan mun \u00e9g skref fyrir skref kynna allar m\u00f6gulegar \u00f3gnir og leggja til hvernig best s\u00e9 a\u00f0 berjast gegn \u00feeim. Skulum halda beint \u00e1fram!<\/p>\n \u00dea\u00f0 ver\u00f0a fr\u00e1vik \u00ed V\u00f6rus\u00fdn<\/a> Fr\u00e1 byrjun. Af hverju? \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an er mj\u00f6g einf\u00f6ld \u2013 allir t\u00falka raunveruleikann \u00e1 sinn h\u00e1tt, hafa hugmynd um eitthva\u00f0 \u00ed huga og geta ekki l\u00fdst \u00feeirri s\u00fdn n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega fyrir hinum a\u00f0ilanum. Ef \u00fe\u00fa l\u00fdsir me\u00f0 or\u00f0um v\u00f6ru sem \u00fe\u00fa vilt byggja, er miklar l\u00edkur \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3un team<\/a> mun skilja s\u00fdn \u00fe\u00edna \u00e1 annan h\u00e1tt en \u00fe\u00fa \u00e6tla\u00f0ir.<\/p>\n Au\u00f0vita\u00f0 er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 for\u00f0ast \u00feetta. \u00de\u00fa \u00e6ttir a\u00f0 byrja a\u00f0 gera sj\u00f3nr\u00e6nar framsetningar sem fyrst og r\u00e6\u00f0a einstaka \u00fe\u00e6tti virkni v\u00f6runnar \u00fat fr\u00e1 skissum. Athyglisvert er a\u00f0 fyrstu skissurnar eiga yfirleitt ekkert sameiginlegt me\u00f0 lokav\u00f6runni. \u00c1 \u00feessu stigi skiptir \u00fe\u00f3 mestu m\u00e1li a\u00f0 gera s\u00fdnina samr\u00e6mda.<\/p>\n Ertu a\u00f0 velta fyrir \u00fe\u00e9r hvers vegna fyrsta og \u00f6nnur myndin er svo \u00f3l\u00edk? Verkefnisstj\u00f3rinn mun alltaf sko\u00f0a v\u00f6rus\u00fdnina n\u00e1nar. Hins vegar, \u00dea\u00f0 er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 sl\u00edkur einstaklingur, sem \u00ed grundvallaratri\u00f0um ber \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f6llu<\/strong> hugb\u00fana\u00f0ur \u00fer\u00f3unarferli<\/a><\/strong>, skilur vandam\u00e1li\u00f0 og \u00fearfirnar sem tengjast v\u00f6runni fullkomlega<\/strong>. Verkefnisstj\u00f3rinn \u00fearf a\u00f0 hafa sk\u00fdra yfirs\u00fdn. Eins og sj\u00e1 m\u00e1 eru myndirnar tv\u00e6r ekki \u00f3l\u00edkar hva\u00f0 var\u00f0ar virkni. \u00de\u00e6r l\u00edta bara \u00f6\u00f0ruv\u00edsi \u00fat. Til a\u00f0 skilja \u00feetta betur skulum vi\u00f0 sn\u00faa aftur a\u00f0 mynd n\u00famer eitt. \u00cd upphafi verkefnisins voru engar skissur og \u00fea\u00f0 leiddi \u00feegar til misskilnings. Virkni v\u00f6runnar er r\u00e9tt, en h\u00f6nnunin er gj\u00f6r\u00f3l\u00edk.<\/p>\n Stundum \u00feekkja greiningara\u00f0ilar og forritarar ekki \u00fearfir notenda n\u00e9 markmi\u00f0 fyrirt\u00e6kisins. \u00deeir sj\u00e1 a\u00f0eins litla hluta af heildarverkefninu sem fangar a\u00f0al\u00e1herslu \u00feeirra. \u00deeir geta ekki liti\u00f0 \u00e1 verkefni\u00f0 fr\u00e1 v\u00ed\u00f0ara sj\u00f3narhorni, og \u00feetta gildir s\u00e9rstaklega um st\u00f3r verkefni \u00fear sem margir forritarar vinna samt\u00edmis.<\/p>\n Vi\u00f0 getum l\u00edka nota\u00f0 anna\u00f0 d\u00e6mi. \u00dea\u00f0 getur gerst a\u00f0 vandam\u00e1li\u00f0 sem \u00fearf a\u00f0 leysa s\u00e9 ranglega l\u00fdst, til d\u00e6mis af v\u00f6rueigandanum. \u00deetta felur \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 veita \u00f3fullkomnar uppl\u00fdsingar sem \u2026 \u00fer\u00f3unara\u00f0ili<\/a> e\u00f0a h\u00f6nnu\u00f0urinn b\u00fdr til s\u00ednar eigin t\u00falkanir, og varan v\u00edkur s\u00edfellt meira fr\u00e1 fyrirhugu\u00f0u \u00fer\u00f3unarferli.<\/p>\n Hvernig breytir ma\u00f0ur \u00fev\u00ed? \u00c9g tel a\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0 lausn s\u00e9 a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem eru lykilpers\u00f3nur \u00ed verkefninu hafi n\u00e1kv\u00e6mar uppl\u00fdsingar um \u00fea\u00f0 \u2013 svokalla\u00f0a \u201cst\u00e6rra samhengi\u201d. Ef misskilningur kemur upp ver\u00f0ur \u00feeim au\u00f0veldara a\u00f0 koma hugb\u00fana\u00f0ar\u00fer\u00f3unarferli<\/em> Aftur \u00e1 r\u00e9ttri braut. \u00deess vegna mundu \u2013 ef allir sj\u00e1 a\u00f0eins sinn litla hluta af \u00fer\u00f3a\u00f0ri virkni, ver\u00f0a misskilningarnir \u00ed s\u00fdn l\u00edklegri \u00f3gn.<\/p>\n H\u00e9r er m\u00e1li\u00f0 einfalt. Varan ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 seljast. \u00de\u00fa ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 skera \u00feig \u00far einhvern veginn, svo til d\u00e6mis f\u00e6r einf\u00f6ld sveifla fyrir gar\u00f0inn \u00feinn \u00f3venjulega eiginleika. Hugmyndin er a\u00f0 sannf\u00e6ra hugsanlegan kaupanda. Marka\u00f0s- og s\u00f6ludeildin mun vissulega gera allt sem \u00ed hennar valdi stendur til a\u00f0 s\u00fdna fram \u00e1 a\u00f0 varan s\u00e9 einst\u00f6k.<\/p>\n Skortur \u00e1 skj\u00f6lum er mj\u00f6g algengt vandam\u00e1l. Stundum er sk\u00f6pun skjala \u00e1 me\u00f0an v\u00f6r\u00fer\u00f3un<\/a> \u00deetta vir\u00f0ist vera \u00f3\u00fearfa t\u00edmaey\u00f0sla. \u00deetta er villa. \u00c9g segi mj\u00f6g oft a\u00f0 breytingar gerist hra\u00f0ar \u00e1 papp\u00edr en \u00ed k\u00f3\u00f0i<\/a>, og \u00fea\u00f0 er eitthva\u00f0 til \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed. Auk \u00feess er au\u00f0veldara a\u00f0 v\u00edsa \u00ed skj\u00f6lin til a\u00f0 fylgjast me\u00f0 breytingum. Tr\u00fa\u00f0u m\u00e9r, verkefni \u00e1n skjala er \u00ed mj\u00f6g mikilli h\u00e6ttu \u00e1 a\u00f0 missa s\u00fdnina.<\/p>\n \u00deetta stig v\u00edsar til \u00feess a\u00f0 setja umhverfi\u00f0 upp \u00e1 net\u00fej\u00f3ninum. Eins og \u00ed punktinum um forritara og greiningara\u00f0ila, \u00e1n fulls g\u00f6gn<\/a> og me\u00f0 samskiptag\u00f6tum getur \u00fea\u00f0 komi\u00f0 \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 a\u00f0eins hluti af nau\u00f0synlegu umhverfi hafi veri\u00f0 skapa\u00f0ur.<\/p>\n \u00deetta er aflei\u00f0ing sl\u00e6mrar samskipta, skorts \u00e1 Notendaupplifun<\/a> og svo framvegis. Birting villna eykur \u00fer\u00f3unart\u00edmann. Og t\u00edmi er peningar, er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki? \u00c1bending m\u00edn er a\u00f0 keyra verkefni\u00f0 \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 Agile.<\/a><\/strong>, vi\u00f0halda h\u00e6stu samskiptast\u00f6\u00f0lum og hafa sk\u00fdr fj\u00e1rhags\u00e1\u00e6tlunarlei\u00f0beiningar. \u00c9g efast ekki um a\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed muni\u00f0 \u00fei\u00f0 for\u00f0ast sl\u00edk vandam\u00e1l.<\/p>\n Vi\u00f0skiptavinir einbeita s\u00e9r oft eing\u00f6ngu a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3a v\u00f6ru og h\u00e6tta \u00fear. Hins vegar lifum vi\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmum mikilla breytinga og t\u00e6kniframfara, og \u00feess vegna er nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 vi\u00f0halda st\u00f6\u00f0ugri t\u00e6knia\u00f0sto\u00f0. Markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 er a\u00f0 for\u00f0ast a\u00f0 eitthva\u00f0 h\u00e6tti skyndilega a\u00f0 virka \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur \u00farelt og varan missir ver\u00f0m\u00e6ti s\u00edn. \u00deennan \u00fe\u00e1tt m\u00e1 heldur ekki gleyma.<\/p>\n Vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum n\u00e1\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0asta punkti. Sko\u00f0a\u00f0u muninn \u00e1 milli fyrstu og s\u00ed\u00f0ustu grafanna. \u00de\u00e6r tengjast b\u00e1\u00f0ar sj\u00f3narhorni vi\u00f0skiptavinarins. Af hverju gerist \u00feetta? Allir lj\u00faga, \u00fea\u00f0 er einfaldlega svona \ud83d\ude42 Ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur k\u00f6nnunar eru alltaf fr\u00e1brug\u00f0nar raunverulegum \u00fe\u00f6rfum svarenda. \u00deegar notendur svara spurningum rannsakandans vilja \u00feeir s\u00fdna fr\u00e1 sem bestu hli\u00f0 sinni. \u00deess vegna, \u00deeir svara oft ekki hei\u00f0arlega.<\/strong>, heldur \u00e1 \u00feann h\u00e1tt sem \u00feeir telja a\u00f0 \u00feeir eigi a\u00f0 svara. \u00cd grundvallaratri\u00f0um vilja \u00feeir ekki ver\u00f0a fyrir neikv\u00e6\u00f0ri mati annarra. H\u00e9r er l\u00edtil \u00e1bending fyrir \u00feig \u2013 nefndu \u00ed lei\u00f0beiningunum a\u00f0 engar r\u00e9ttar n\u00e9 rangar sv\u00f6r s\u00e9u til.<\/p>\n Hvar sj\u00e1st munirnir annars sta\u00f0ar? F\u00f3lk veit oft ekki hva\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 vill \u00ed raun. Nokku\u00f0 oft segja notendur \u00ed upphafi a\u00f0 \u00feeir \u00feurfi t\u00edu a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir \u00ed v\u00f6runni, en s\u00ed\u00f0ar nota \u00feeir \u00ed raun a\u00f0eins, segjum, \u00ferj\u00e1r.<\/p>\n Hvernig leysir\u00f0u \u00feennan vanda? Auk \u00feess a\u00f0 spyrja notendur hva\u00f0 \u00feeir vilja og \u00feurfa, leyf\u00f0u \u00feeim a\u00f0 pr\u00f3fa v\u00f6runa, helst \u00e1 ekta hlutum til a\u00f0 vi\u00f0halda tr\u00faver\u00f0ugleika. \u00dev\u00ed fleiri pr\u00f3fanir sem ger\u00f0ar eru vi\u00f0 ger\u00f0 v\u00f6ru, \u00fev\u00ed meiri l\u00edkur eru \u00e1 a\u00f0 ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an ver\u00f0i n\u00e1kv\u00e6m.<\/p>\n Ef \u00fe\u00fa ver\u00f0ur nokkurn t\u00edma me\u00f0limur \u00ed a hugb\u00fana\u00f0ar\u00fer\u00f3un<\/a> Verkefni, mundu d\u00e6min m\u00edn og draga \u00e1lyktanir svo \u00fe\u00fa endir ekki s\u00f6mu mist\u00f6kin. Og mundu, \u00feessi hugt\u00f6k eru mj\u00f6g mikilv\u00e6g \u00feegar veri\u00f0 er a\u00f0 byggja upp v\u00f6ru (forrit) fr\u00e1 grunni:<\/p>\n \u2013 g\u00f3\u00f0 notendaupplifun og pr\u00f3fanir, svo \u00fe\u00fa getir l\u00e6rt hva\u00f0 notendur \u00fe\u00ednir \u00feurfa \u00ed raun,<\/p>\n \u2013 samskipti innan verkefnisins, svo dj\u00fapur skilningur \u00e1 vandam\u00e1linu og \u00fe\u00f6rfunum s\u00e9 a\u00f0gengilegur lykila\u00f0ilum \u00ed verkefninu,<\/p>\n \u2013 \u00fer\u00f3a v\u00f6runa \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 Sveigjanlegur<\/a>,<\/p>\n \u2013 ekki gleyma t\u00e6knistu\u00f0ningi.<\/p>\n Lesa meira:<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2013 Hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rna fjarvinnandi forriturum \u00e1 \u00e1hrifar\u00edkan h\u00e1tt? Lei\u00f0arv\u00edsir fyrir CTOs<\/a><\/p>\n\u00de\u00fa \u00feekkir \u00feessa mynd, ekki satt?<\/h2>\n
1. Hvernig \u00fatsk\u00fdr\u00f0i vi\u00f0skiptavinurinn hugmyndina?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
2. Hvernig skildi verkefnisstj\u00f3rinn \u00fea\u00f0?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
3. Hvernig hanna\u00f0i greiningara\u00f0ilinn \u00fea\u00f0? og<\/em><\/strong> 4. Hvernig skrifa\u00f0i forritarinn \u00fea\u00f0?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
5. Hvernig l\u00fdsti vi\u00f0skiptar\u00e1\u00f0gjafinn \u00fev\u00ed?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
6. Hvernig var verkefninu skr\u00e1\u00f0?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
7. Hva\u00f0a a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir voru settar upp?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
8. Hvernig var vi\u00f0skiptavininum rukka\u00f0?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
9. Hvernig var \u00fea\u00f0 stutt?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
10. Hva\u00f0 \u00feurfti vi\u00f0skiptavinurinn \u00ed raun?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Yfirlit<\/strong><\/h2>\n