{"id":3572,"date":"2019-04-24T08:53:00","date_gmt":"2019-04-24T08:53:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/the-codest.localhost\/blog\/the-ultimate-breakdown-ruby-vs-python\/"},"modified":"2026-04-24T11:21:25","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T11:21:25","slug":"%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%ab%d9%88%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/blog\/ruby-vs-python\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 Python"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Similarities<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As these languages \u200b\u200bcan be included in the same category of dynamically typed interpreted languages, there is no doubt that they are similar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dynamic typing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Both <a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/dictionary\/what-is-python-good-for\/\">Python<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/blog\/hire-ror-developer\/\">Ruby<\/a> are dynamically typed languages. As a result, the programmer does not have to specify the type of variables while writing the <a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/dictionary\/what-is-code-refactoring\/\">code<\/a>. Their type is determined while the program is running and it may change. The type of a variable is derived from the value stored in it. The following code will run correctly in these languages:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code> variable = 1\n variable += 2.5\n variable = 'sample string'\n variable = [2, 3.5, 'sample string']<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pure syntax<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This is related to the point above, inter alia. Due to the fact that there is no need to declare types, end statements with a semicolon, and also the fact that they are scripting languages, both writing and reading it is easy. Well-written code will be readable even by people who have not had any previous contact with these languages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They have interactive console interpreters<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When you want to perform a simple operation or test a piece of code, you don&#8217;t need to create a file and run the code using a special command. Both Ruby and Python have interactive console interpreters (REPL). For Python, we can run such an interpreter with the command <code>python<\/code> (or<code>python3<\/code>), while for Ruby it could be, for example, <code>irb:<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code> $ irb\n 2.5.8 :001 > result = 2 + 1\n => 3\n 2.5.8 :002 > result += 3.5\n => 6.5<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Differences<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As these are different <a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/blog\/top-programming-languages-to-build-e-commerce\/\">programming languages<\/a>, of course they must have differences (I know, what a revealing statement). In the case of Python and Ruby, these differences are numerous. I will describe some of the most significant ones in my opinion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Indents<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Indentation is very important in Python. All code blocks are defined by indentation. It is important that each line in a given block has the same indentation. Otherwise, when we try to run the code, we will get IndentationError. Ruby takes a different approach. Here, the code block is limited by keywords. We distinguish the beginning word (e.g.<code>begin, if, class, def<\/code>) and the ending word <code>end.<\/code> It doesn&#8217;t matter how the code is indented inside the code block.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inheritance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the basic features of object oriented programming. In the right hands, it can work wonders. Python supports multi-base inheritance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code><code> example.py\n class ClassA:\n     def callA(self):\n         print('callA')\n class ClassB:\n     def callB(self):\n         print('callB')\n class ClassAB(ClassA, ClassB):\n     pass\n class_inst = ClassAB()\n class_inst.callA()\n class_inst.callB()<\/code><\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>As a result, we get:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"python\" class=\"language-python\"><code> $ python3 example.py\n callA\n callB<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Ruby only supports single-base inheritance using the &lt; operator by default. However, it is possible to simulate multi-base inheritance using modules:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\">example.rb\nclass ClassA\ndef calla\nputs 'calla'\nend\nend\n\nmodule ModuleB\ndef callb\nputs 'callb'\nend\nend\n\nclass ClassAB &lt; ClassA\ninclude ModuleB\nend\n\nclassinst = ClassAB.new\nclassinst.calla\nclassinst.call_b<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>What gives <a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/blog\/why-us-companies-are-opting-for-polish-developers\/\">us<\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code> $ ruby example.rb\n call_a\n call_b<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><code>include<\/code> is just one of the mixins available in Ruby. Mixins is a way to add extra functionality to classes. There are three mixins in Ruby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Include<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When we call <code>include<\/code> in class definition, included module becomes the direct ancestor of this class. It means that every method of module becomes instance method of this class. We can override them in class and also call original method (defined in module) using <code>super<\/code> keyword.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\">example.rb\nmodule ModuleA\ndef print_something\nputs 'Message from module'\nend\nend\n\nclass ClassB\ninclude ModuleA\n\ndef print_something\nputs 'Message from class'\nsuper\nend\nend\n\nClassB.new.print_something<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code> $ ruby example.rb\n Message from class\n Message from module\n<\/code><code> <\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prepend<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>It works almost like <code>include<\/code>, but prepended module becomes direct descendant of class. It means that we cannot override modules method in class, but method in module can call class method using<code>super<\/code> keyword.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\">example.rb\nmodule ModuleA\ndef print_something\nputs 'Message from module'\nsuper\nend\nend\n\nclass ClassB\nprepend ModuleA\n\ndef print_something\nputs 'Message from class'\nend\nend\n\nClassB.new.print_something<span style=\"background-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\"> <\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code> $ ruby example.rb\n Message from module\n Message from class<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Extend<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>It works similar to include except that the methods defined in the module become class methods of the class.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code> <span style=\"background-color: rgba(248, 248, 242, 0.2); font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\">$ ruby example.rb<\/span><code> Message from module<\/code><\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Functions and blocks<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Python has functions. Ruby supports only methods. What does it entail? Among other things, Python can hold a function in a variable and pass it as an argument to another function. In Ruby, we can&#8217;t do it that easily. This is also related by the parentheses. Given a function with no arguments in Python, or with default arguments, if you use its name without parentheses, the function will be returned. Only adding the parentheses leads to its execution. In Ruby, we can call functions without parentheses:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\">example.py\ndef inner_function():\nprint('Inner function')\n\ndef wrapper_function(function):\nprint('Wrapper function')\n# function is a variable that contains function object\nfunction() # inner function is called here\n\nwrapperfunction(innerfunction)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"python\" class=\"language-python\"><code> $ python3 example.py\n Wrapper function\n Inner function<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><code> <\/code>In Ruby:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\">example.rb\ndef inner_function\nputs 'Inner function'\nend\n\ndef wrapper_function(function)\nputs 'Wrapper function'\nfunction\nend\n\nwrapperfunction(innerfunction) # inner_function is called here<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code> $ ruby example.rb\n Inner function\n Wrapper function<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Of course, in this case, you can do some tricks in Ruby to achieve the desired effect. First, we can use the Proc object:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\">example.rb\ndef inner_function\nputs 'Inner function'\nend\n\ndef wrapper_function(function)\nputs 'Wrapper function'\nfunction.call\nend\n\nfunc = Proc.new { innerfunction }\nwrapperfunction(func)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code> $ ruby example.rb\n Wrapper function\n Inner function<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The second approach is to use blocks:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code>example.rb<\/code>def inner_function\nputs 'Inner function'\nend\n\ndef wrapper_function\nputs 'Wrapper function'\nyield\nend\n\nwrapperfunction do\ninnerfunction\nend<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code> $ ruby example.rb\n Wrapper function\n Inner function<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">List comprehension<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This is a very useful Python feature. It consists in creating a list based on another list. Let us assume that we have such a task: given a list of numbers, make a list of squares of odd numbers. In Python, we use list comprehension:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code><code> numbers = [1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 12, 15]\n result = [num*num for num in numbers if num % 2]<\/code><\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The advantage is that we only have two lists in memory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In Ruby, things are a bit different. There are several ways to solve this task. I will present the most readable of them:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code><code><code> numbers = [1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 12, 15]\n result = []\n numbers.each { |num| result &lt;&lt; num * num if num.odd? }<\/code><\/code><\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>As we can see, it can be done, but not quite as elegant as in Python.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">All classes are mutable<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In Ruby, all classes are mutable. What does it mean? We can add or override methods of all classes, even the built-in ones. Suppose we want a method that changes every letter an into b in the string. We can do it in a simple way:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\">example.rb\nclass String\ndef atob!\nself.gsub!(\/a\/, 'b')\nend\nend\n\nstring = 'Example string with many a letters'\nputs string\nstring.atob!\nputs string<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"ruby\" class=\"language-ruby\"><code> $ ruby example.rb\n Example string with many a letters\n Exbmple string with mbny b letters<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/blog\/find-your-node-js-expert-for-hire-today\/\">Web development<\/a><\/strong> has been a dynamic field that continually adopts and shapes various <strong>programming languages<\/strong> to suit its needs. Two popular choices in this area include the <strong>Python programming language<\/strong> and Ruby. Both have proved their worth in <strong>building <a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/blog\/find-your-ideal-stack-for-web-development\/\">web<\/a> applications<\/strong> and other forms of software, each having its unique benefits and drawbacks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Python<\/strong> is a <strong>high-level programming language<\/strong> revered for its simplicity and <strong>code readability<\/strong>, a feature that often appeals to beginner programmers. The <strong>Python programming language<\/strong> is versatile and can be used for a variety of tasks. This <strong>general-purpose programming language<\/strong> is often used in areas like <a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/blog\/banks-go-high-tech-unravel-fraud-with-machine-learning\/\">machine learning<\/a>, big <a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/blog\/app-data-collection-security-risks-value-and-types-explored\/\">data<\/a>, and, notably, <strong>web development<\/strong>. A broad <strong>community of Python developers<\/strong> contributes to its rich ecosystem of libraries and frameworks, enhancing its suitability for <strong>building web applications<\/strong>. <a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/blog\/hire-django-developers\/\">Django<\/a>, Flask, and Pyramid are among the various <strong>Python<\/strong> <strong>web frameworks<\/strong> leveraged by <strong>web developers<\/strong> around the globe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the other hand, Ruby, another <strong>high-level, general-purpose programming language<\/strong>, shines with its flexibility and expressiveness. This <strong>object-oriented programming language<\/strong> is the backbone of many <strong>web applications<\/strong>. Ruby&#8217;s charm lies in its ability to facilitate <strong>web development<\/strong> through the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/blog\/ways-to-increase-your-rails-performance\/\">Rails<\/a> framework<\/strong>, a powerful tool for <strong>building web applications<\/strong> rapidly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ruby, though less popular than <strong>Python<\/strong>, boasts an active and dedicated <strong>Ruby community<\/strong> that continually develops and maintains an assortment of libraries and tools, thereby enriching the experience of <strong>web developers<\/strong> using this language. As an <strong>object-oriented language<\/strong>, Ruby is prized for its elegance and the clean, readable code it produces, making it a fitting choice for both small and large scale <strong>web applications<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Python<\/strong> and Ruby, as <strong>object-oriented programming languages<\/strong>, share many similarities. They also support <strong>functional programming<\/strong>, offering programmers various styles to code in. <strong>Python code<\/strong>, in particular, is appreciated for its straightforward syntax, which underscores the language&#8217;s emphasis on simplicity and <strong>readability<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Each language has its strengths; <strong>Python&#8217;s<\/strong> versatility and wide <strong>community<\/strong> support make it an excellent tool for various tasks, while Ruby&#8217;s expressiveness and the <strong>Rails framework<\/strong> makes it a strong contender for <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/blog\/build-future-proof-web-apps-insights-from-the-codests-expert-team\/\">web app<\/a> development<\/strong>. It is the unique needs and preferences of <strong>web developers<\/strong> that will determine which <strong>language<\/strong> best serves their <a href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/dictionary\/why-do-projects-fail\/\">project<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the realm of <strong>operating systems<\/strong>, both languages display an impressive level of portability, further enhancing their suitability for a multitude of tasks, not limited to <strong>web development<\/strong>. Therefore, it is challenging to declare a definitive &#8220;winner&#8221; in this duel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While the <strong>Python programming language<\/strong> has a broader reach and larger <strong>community<\/strong>, Ruby&#8217;s capabilities shouldn&#8217;t be underestimated. To fully appreciate these languages, one must delve into them, understand their intricacies, and apply them where they shine the most. Whether you&#8217;re <strong>creating web applications<\/strong> with <strong>Python<\/strong> or Ruby, each <strong>language<\/strong> offers a robust platform to deliver high-quality <strong>web apps<\/strong>. Ruby, though less known, certainly deserves its due appreciation in the world of <strong>programming languages<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648Python \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3573,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3572","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-software-development"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Ultimate Breakdown: Ruby vs. Python - The Codest<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thecodest.co\/ar\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629\/\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a-\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644-\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062b\u0648\u0646\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Ultimate Breakdown: Ruby vs. Python\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ruby and Python are two great programming languages interpretation-and dynamic typing-wise. 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